Increased risk
Reduced risk
0
1x
2x
3x
4x
Orthostatic hypotension
Depression
Alcohol intoxication
Stroke
Genetic risk (APOE)
High deprivation
Diabetes
Heart disease
Vitamin D deficiency
Hearing impairment
High C-reactive protein levels
Social isolation
Moderate alcohol use
Formal education
Higher handgrip strength
0
1x
2x
3x
4x
Orthostatic hypotension
Depression
Alcohol intoxication
Stroke
Genetic risk (APOE)
High deprivation
Diabetes
Heart disease
Vitamin D deficiency
Hearing impairment
High C-reactive protein levels
Social isolation
Moderate alcohol use
These three factors represent
a lowering of risk
Formal education
Higher handgrip strength