Ultrasonic tank
Bubbles
form
Reaching
unstable size
Compression
Expansion
Generator
1
2
Cavitation bubbles
grow, thought to
initiate from dissolved
gases and impurities
in the liquid
Ultrasound waves are
transmitted through
a liquid, causing
waves of molecular
compression and
expansion
Bubbles implode
Reactive species
Wave
Pollutants
3
4
Bubbles collapse during
the compression cycle.
High temperature and
pressure conditions inside
the bubble can degrade
volatile pollutants
The collapse conditions
produce reactive species
that can degrade
non-volatile pollutants
at the bubble surface
and in the bulk solution
Ultrasonic tank
Bubbles
form
Reaching
unstable size
Bubbles implode
Reactive species
Compression
Expansion
Wave
Pollutants
Generator
1
2
3
4
Cavitation bubbles
grow, thought to
initiate from dissolved
gases and impurities
in the liquid
Bubbles collapse during
the compression cycle.
High temperature and
pressure conditions inside
the bubble can degrade
volatile pollutants
Ultrasound waves are
transmitted through
a liquid, causing
waves of molecular
compression
and expansion
The collapse conditions
produce reactive species
that can degrade
non-volatile pollutants
at the bubble surface
and in the bulk solution