Full payment High-income country
Half payment Upper-middle income
Exempt Low/lower-middle income
Share of global emissions, 1988-2022
%
1
2
3
4
Saudi Aramco
Gazprom Russia
National Iranian Oil Co
Coal India India
ExxonMobil US
Shell The Netherlands
Petroleos Mexicanos
BP UK
PetroChina China
Chevron US
Abu Dhabi Nat Oil Co UAE
Peabody Energy US
Petroleos de Venezuela
Sonatrach Algeria
TotalEnergies France
Kuwait Petroleum Corp
Rosneft Russia
Iraq National Oil Co
ConocoPhillips US
Petrobras Brazil
BHP Billiton Australia
Total reparations due, 2025-2050
$bn
250
500
750
1,000
Saudi Aramco
Gazprom Russia
Exempt
National Iranian Oil Co
Coal India India
ExxonMobil US
Shell The Netherlands
Petroleos Mexicanos
BP UK
PetroChina China
Chevron US
Abu Dhabi Nat Oil Co UAE
Peabody Energy US
Petroleos de Venezuela
Sonatrach Algeria
TotalEnergies France
Kuwait Petroleum Corp
Rosneft Russia
Iraq National Oil Co
ConocoPhillips US
Petrobras Brazil
BHP Billiton Australia
Full payment
High-income country
Half payment
Upper-middle income
Exempt
Low/lower-middle income
Share of global emissions, 1988-2022
Total reparations due, 2025-2050
%
1
2
3
4
$bn
250
500
750
1,000
Saudi Aramco Saudi Arabia
Gazprom Russia
National Iranian Oil Co
Exempt
Coal India India
ExxonMobil US
Shell The Netherlands
Petroleos Mexicanos
BP UK
PetroChina China
Chevron US
Abu Dhabi National Oil Co UAE
Peabody Energy US
Petroleos de Venezuela
Sonatrach Algeria
TotalEnergies France
Kuwait Petroleum Corp
Rosneft Russia
Iraq National Oil Co
ConocoPhillips US
Petrobras Brazil
BHP Billiton Australia