1860
Recorded number of enslaved people by county
30,000
1
3,000
8,000
800
5,000
13,000
No data
Northern states
backed Lincoln for president in 1860, prompting 11 southern states to secede
US state/
territory
borders
in 1860
Texas
had become a state in 1845, bringing a vast new territory into the slavery system
Guardian graphic. Source: Analysis by Lincoln Mullen, "The Spread of U.S. Slavery, 1790–1860”; based on census materials provided by Minnesota Population Center, *National Historical Geographic Information System: Version 2.0*. Note: values of zero should be treated with caution and may indicate that the data has been lost or was never gathered
1860
Recorded number of enslaved people by county
30,000
No data
1
3,000
8,000
800
5,000
13,000
Northern states
backed Lincoln for president in 1860, prompting 11 southern states to secede
US state/territory
borders in 1860
Texas
had become a state in 1845, bringing a vast new territory into the slavery system
Guardian graphic. Source: Analysis by Lincoln Mullen, "The Spread of U.S. Slavery, 1790–1860”; based on census materials provided by Minnesota Population Center, *National Historical Geographic Information System: Version 2.0*. Note: values of zero should be treated with caution and may indicate that the data has been lost or was never gathered