Historically redlined neighborhoods experienced the highest levels of pollution

How much greater nitrogen dioxide levels were in 2010 in redlined neighborhoods (Grade D) compared to the entire city

Grade D

“Hazard-

ous”

+1.0 parts per billion of NO2 pollution

Grade C

“Definitely

declining”

0

-1.0

Grade B

“Still

desirable”

Black people and immigrants

were essentially trapped

in neighborhoods the

government deemed too

risky for investment

-2.0

Grade A

“Best”

Grade D

“Hazardous”

+1.0 parts per billion of NO2 pollution

Grade C

“Definitely

declining”

0

-1.0

Grade B

“Still

desirable”

Black people and immigrants were

essentially trapped in neighborhoods

the government deemed too

risky for investment

-2.0

Grade A

“Best”

Less NO2

pollution

More NO2

pollution

Black people and immigrants were

essentially trapped in neighborhoods

the government deemed too

risky for investment

Grade A

“Best”

Grade B

“Still desirable”

Grade C

“Definitely declining”

Grade D

“Hazardous”

-2.0

-1.5

-1.0

-0.5

0

+0.5

+1.0

parts per billion

Less NO2

pollution

More NO2

pollution

Black people and immigrants were

essentially trapped in neighborhoods

the government deemed too

risky for investment

Grade A

“Best”

Grade B

“Still desirable”

Grade C

“Definitely declining”

Grade D

“Hazardous”

-2.0

-1.5

-1.0

-0.5

0

+0.5

+1.0

parts per billion

Less NO2

pollution

More NO2

pollution

Black people and immigrants were

essentially trapped in neighborhoods

the government deemed too

risky for investment

Grade A

“Best”

Grade B

“Still desirable”

Grade C

“Definitely declining”

Grade D

“Hazardous”

-2.0

-1.5

-1.0

-0.5

0

+0.5

+1.0

parts per billion