Colin O’Brady’s controversial Antarctic crossing has led to a new certification scheme for polar expeditions

Shackleton

Base

1958 expedition route

(first crossing)

South pole

Antarctica

Ousland’s

1996-97

route

O’Brady

and Rudd’s

2018 route

Scott Base

Colin O’Brady’s controversial Antarctic crossing has led to a new certification scheme for polar expeditions

Weddell

Sea

1958 British Commonwealth

Trans-Antarctic Expedition

route (first crossing)

Shackleton Base

South pole

O’Brady

and Rudd’s

2018 route

Antarctica

Ousland’s 1996-97

route

Scott Base

Ross

Sea

Guardian graphic. Source: Polar Expeditions Classification Scheme, Ice Trek