The Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna vaccines use mRNA technology

Spike protein

receptor

Corona-

virus

1

Vaccine shot carries a specific stretch of messenger RNA containing instructions on how to build the receptor on the virus's surface

mRNA

Cell

Floating receptor

proteins

2

When this synthetic mRNA is injected into a person, it enters their cells and programmes them to build proteins that look like the virus's receptor surface

Immune system

3

These floating receptor proteins then trigger the immune system without causing illness.

If a vaccinated person contracts the disease itself, their immune system will be able to fight it

mRNA

Cell

Floating receptor proteins

Immune system

Spike protein receptor

Corona-

virus

1

Vaccine shot carries a specific stretch of messenger RNA containing instructions on how to build the receptor on the virus's surface

2

When this synthetic mRNA is injected into a person, it enters their cells and programmes them to build proteins that look like the virus's receptor surface

3

These floating receptor proteins then trigger the immune system without causing illness.

If a vaccinated person contracts the disease itself, their immune system will be able to fight it