Most promising vaccines

Organisation

Pfizer/ BioNTech

Country

US/Germany

mRNA vaccine

What type is it?

How effective

is it?

95% efficacy a week after

receiving the second shot. Pfizer

says it is only 52% effective after

the first dose, but the Joint

Committee on Vaccination and

Immunisation (JCVI) says this may

rise to 90% after 21 days. 40

million doses ordered. Currently

being rolled out across the UK

What’s the

dosing regime?

Clinical trials involved two doses

21 days apart. UK is currently

stretching this to 12 weeks

Organisation

Oxford University/ AstraZeneca

Country

UK

Adenovirus vector vaccine

(delivered using a chimp

cold virus)

What type is it?

How effective

is it?

70.4% efficacy, 14 days after

receiving the second dose. May

have up to 90% efficacy when

given as a half dose followed by

a full dose. No severe disease or

hospitalisations in anyone who

received the vaccine. 100 million

doses ordered. Currently being

rolled out across the UK

What’s the

dosing regime?

Two doses, 4-12 weeks apart

Organisation

Moderna

Country

US

mRNA vaccine

What type is it?

Phase 3 trial results suggest an

efficacy of 94.1%. The UK has

ordered 17 million doses, to be

delivered in March or April

How effective

is it?

Two doses, 28 days apart

What’s the

dosing regime?

Organisation

Novavax

Country

US

Protein adjuvant vaccine

(boosts immune system)

What type is it?

Phase 3 trials suggest 89.3%

efficacy. 60 million doses

ordered

How effective

is it?

Two doses

What’s the

dosing regime?

Organisation

Janssen

(part of Johnson&Johnson)

Country

US

Adenovirus vector vaccine

What type is it?

How effective

is it?

72% efficacy in preventing mild

to moderate cases Covid in US

trials, but 66% efficacy observed

in international trials. 85%

efficacy against severe illness,

and 100% protection against

hospitalisation and death. 30

million doses ordered

One dose

What’s the

dosing regime?

What’s the

dosing regime?

Maker

Country

What type is it?

How effective is it?

95% efficacy a week after receiving the second shot. Pfizer says it is only 52% effective after the first dose, but the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI) says this may rise to 90% after 21 days. 40 million doses ordered. Currently being rolled out across the UK

Clinical trials involved two doses 21 days apart. UK is currently stretching this to 12 weeks

Pfizer/ BioNTech

mRNA vaccine

US/Germany

Oxford University/

AstraZeneca

UK

Adenovirus vector

vaccine (it uses the

virus that causes

colds in chimpanzees)

70.4% efficacy, 14 days after receiving the second dose. May have up to 90% efficacy when given as a half dose followed by a full dose. No severe disease or hospitalisations in anyone who received the vaccine. 100 million doses ordered. Currently being rolled out across the UK

Two doses, 4-12 weeks apart

Two doses, 28 days apart

Phase 3 trial results suggest an efficacy of 94.1%. The UK has ordered 17 million doses, to be delivered in March or April

Moderna

US

mRNA vaccine

Novavax

US

Protein adjuvant

vaccine (boosts

immune system)

Two doses

Phase 3 trials suggest 89.3% efficacy. 60 million doses ordered

72% efficacy in preventing mild to moderate cases Covid in US trials, but 66% efficacy observed in international trials. 85% efficacy against severe illness, and 100% protection against hospitalisation and death.

30 million doses ordered

Janssen

Pharmaceuticals

(part of Johnson&

Johnson)

US

Adenovirus vector

vaccine

One dose