Left
Right
Not
populist
Somewhat
populist
Populist
Very
populist
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
1.3
Evo Morales
(2006-14)
0.9
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
(2007-14)
0.9
Silvio Berlusconi
(2008-11)
0.9
Viktor Orbán
(2010-14)
0.2
Nicolas Sarkozy (2007-12)
0.2
Barack Obama (2009-16)
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
Not
populist
Somewhat
populist
Populist
Very
populist
Not populist
Somewhat populist
Populist
Very populist
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
1.3
Left
Evo Morales (2006-14)
Right
0.9
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
(2007-14)
0.9
Silvio Berlusconi (2008-11)
0.9
Viktor Orbán (2010-14)
0.2
Nicolas Sarkozy (2007-12)
0.2
Barack Obama (2009-16)
Not populist
Somewhat populist
Populist
Very populist
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0