From Pakistan to Africa, across the continent to the west coast and then north

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Guardian graphic

South around South Africa then north via west Africa

Heroin usually arrives in the Netherlands or France, and is exported to ports in south-east England such as Harwich, Felixstowe, Dover and Folkestone. The following are three major routes by which it finds its way to Europe

Smuggling routes to Britain

Guardian graphic

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1

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South around South Africa then north via west Africa

From Pakistan to eastern Africa, across the continent to the west coast and then north

Overland via Iran and Turkey to Netherlands

Heroin usually arrives in the Netherlands or France, and is exported to ports in south-east England such as Harwich, Felixstowe, Dover and Folkestone. The following are three major routes by which it finds its way to Europe

Smuggling routes to Britain

Guardian graphic

2

1

3

Heroin usually arrives in the Netherlands or France, and is exported to ports in south-east England such as Harwich, Felixstowe, Dover and Folkestone. The following are three major routes by which it finds its way to Europe

South around South Africa then north via west Africa

Across the Arabian Sea from Pakistan to eastern Africa, then across the continent to the west coast, often Nigeria or Ghana and then north

Overland via Iran and Turkey to Netherlands

Smuggling routes to Britain

Guardian graphic

2

1

3

Heroin usually arrives in the Netherlands or France, and is exported to ports in south-east England such as Harwich, Felixstowe, Dover and Folkestone. The following are three major routes by which it finds its way to Europe

South around South Africa then north via west Africa

Across the Arabian Sea from Pakistan to eastern Africa, then across the continent to the west coast, often Nigeria or Ghana and then north

Overland via Iran and Turkey to Netherlands

Smuggling routes to Britain