Poverty and special needs are major factors behind school exclusions

Rate of permanent exclusions per 100 pupils, by ethnicity, free school meals (FSM), education health and care (EHC) plans, all year groups. Autumn 2023-24 England

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Guardian graphicSource: Gov.UKNotes: Pupils with EHC plans have been assessed as having special educational needs or disabilities. *Includes black, African, Caribbean, black British