80
2060
2040
2020
8
6
4
2
0
What a grand solar minimum means for climate
change in Europe
Temperature change relative to 1971 – 2000, °C
Warming under a business-as-usual scenario
without big carbon cuts
Warming with the lowest level of cooling if
weaker solar activity occurs and no big carbon cuts
Warming with the highest level of cooling if
weaker solar activity occurs and no big carbon cuts
80
2070
2060
2050
2040
2030
2020
8
6
4
2
0
What a grand solar minimum means for climate
change in Europe
Temperature change relative to 1971 – 2000, °C
Warming under a business-as-usual scenario
without big carbon cuts
Warming with the lowest level of cooling if weaker solar
activity occurs and no big carbon cuts
Warming with the highest level of cooling if weaker solar
activity occurs and no big carbon cuts
2080
2070
2060
2050
2040
2030
2020
8
6
4
2
0
What a grand solar minimum means for climate change in Europe
Temperature change relative to 1971 – 2000, °C
Warming under a business-as-usual scenario without big carbon cuts
Warming with the lowest level of cooling if weaker solar activity occurs and
no big carbon cuts
Warming with the highest level of cooling if weaker solar activity occurs and
no big carbon cuts
2080
2070
2060
2050
2040
2030
2020
8
6
4
2
0
What a grand solar minimum means for climate change in Europe
Temperature change relative to 1971 – 2000, °C
Warming under a business-as-usual scenario without big carbon cuts
Warming with the lowest level of cooling if weaker solar activity occurs and no big carbon cuts
Warming with the highest level of cooling if weaker solar activity occurs and no big carbon cuts